candida
Candida is a genus of yeasts.
In Latin candidus, candida means clear and white, with the whiteness of pure quartz rather than the whiteness of chalk (albus).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colon_(anatomy)
Itching and/or burning.
White, thick, clumpy discharge.
If an odor is present, it is often not unpleasant.
Vulvar redness and swelling.
Discomfort during or after sexual intercourse.
Pain or burning when passing urine.
How is Yeast Diagnosed (Identified)?
Your doctor or health care worker will look for common skin changes of the vulva and vagina. A sample of your discharge is looked at under a microscope to correctly diagnose a yeast infection. Sometimes a culture is needed to make the diagnosis. There are other types of vaginal and vulvar problems that can cause the same symptoms as a yeast infection such as itching, burning, and discharge. Therefore it is important that a doctor or health care worker make a correct diagnosis and advise you on the options for treatment that will work best for you.
What is the Cause of Yeast?
The vagina of a healthy woman contains many organisms (e.g., bacteria and yeast) that live together in normal balance. If the balance is upset, yeast can overgrow causing symptoms.
The following may promote yeast overgrowth:
Use of antibiotics - Certain antibiotics kill normal and harmful vaginal bacteria. Even when antibiotics are used for treatment of other illnesses, they may affect the bacteria in the vagina. This allows yeast in the vagina to overgrow and symptoms occur.
Uncontrolled diabetes - Diabetes raises blood sugar levels, making the body a good environment for yeast to grow. Yeast infections may occur often and are harder to control when blood sugars are not under control.
Increased warmth and moisture in the vaginal area - Yeast thrive in a warm, humid environment. Sweating, discharge or not allowing the area to dry (e.g., wearing a damp bathing suit or pantyhose for hours) will increase the chance of getting a yeast infection.
Douching - Removes the healthy secretions and dries the surface of the vagina. Normal bacteria are also washed away which allows overgrowth of yeast.
What is the Treatment of Yeast?
There are many medications used for treatment of yeast. Most are creams or suppositories used once or twice a day for up to seven days. Symptoms often disappear within 3-4 days of treatment. It is important that treatment be continued for the entire time the medicine was prescribed. If medication is stopped too soon, the infection can return.
What About Over-the-Counter Medications?
Over-the-counter medications can be found at your local pharmacy without a prescription. Use of over-the-counter medications is not advised if you are pregnant. It is important to remember:
There are many types of vaginal and vulvar problems that may cause the same symptoms as yeast infections.
A doctor or health care worker can best make a correct diagnosis and advise you on which treatment may work best for you.
How well a medication works for treatment of yeast depends on the type of yeast.
Self treatment with old or borrowed medications is never a good idea.
If you choose to self-treat with an over-the-counter product and do not have complete relief of symptoms within seven days, stop the treatment and consult your doctor or health care worker.
Consult your doctor or health worker if your symptoms return after use of an over-the-counter product.
How Can Yeast Infections Be Prevented?
You may decrease your risk of yeast infections by making a few simple changes in your daily lifestyle.
Follow each of the Guidelines for Vulvar Skin Care (see handout). This will help to keep body tissue healthy to resist infection.
Always wipe front to back after bowel movements.
Try to keep blood sugars under control if you have diabetes.
http://www.vh.org/adult/patient/obgyn/yeast/index.html